What is it?
Civil rights litigation is the legal process of protecting and enforcing the rights of individuals who have experienced discrimination or unequal treatment under the law. Civil rights cases involve important legal rights contained in the United States Constitution, the California Constitution, state and federal statutes, and case law.
Litigation under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, sometimes referred to as Section 1983 litigation, is a type of lawsuit that lets people go to court if a state or local government official (or someone acting like one) violates their federal constitutional or legal rights.
Forms
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- United States Courts, Civil Pro Se Forms. Provides federal civil rights complaint forms for pro se plaintiffs.
- California Civil Rights Department (CRD) Complaint Process, the CRD may be able to investigate and help you resolve your complaint.
Videos
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- LA Law Library, Civil Rights | Series of on demand videos to learn about your right to be free from discrimination in employment, housing, public accommodations and education, plus other civil rights under state and federal law.
Books
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- Civil Rights and Civil Liberties Litigation: The Law of Section 1983 – KF1325.C58, Federal Practice Active Titles, Stack 107, also available online via Westlaw.
- California Civil Practice: Civil Rights Litigation – KFC695.L56, CA Collection 1st Floor, also available online via Westlaw.
- California Forms of Pleading and Practice – KFC1010.A65 C3, CA Collection 1st Floor, Volume 11 Chapters 112-117A, also available online via Lexis and the LexisNexis Digital Library.
Free Legal Help
General / Police Misconduct:
Community Legal Assistance Saturday Program (CLASP) Free all-topics telephone legal clinic on the first Saturday of the month. Volunteer attorneys speak with individuals for 15-20 minutes. To make an appointment, call the intake line at (510) 485-9933 between 10:00 am – noon on the first Saturday/month and an attorney will call you back later that day. CLASP Flyer: (PDF)
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
Provides resources on your rights and pursues high-impact cases to defend civil rights and individual liberties under federal and state law.
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- Address: 39 Drumm St. San Francisco
- Phone: 415-621-2493
- Website: American Civil Liberties Union
Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area
Provides free legal services to low-income Bay Area individuals with various programs such as Police Violence Legal Support
Housing:
Echo Housing
Free legal counseling, investigation, and mediation related to landlord-tenant matters, such as housing discrimination, fair housing, and landlord and tenant rights and responsibilities.
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- Address: 1305 Franklin St. #305 Oakland, CA 94612
- Phone: (510) 496-0496
- Website: Echo Housing
Bay Area Legal Aid
The Legal Advice Line provides counsel and advice in all languages on a range of civil legal issues. Attorneys may give a caller legal advice, schedule eligible clients for an appointment in a neighborhood office or provide the caller with a helpful referral to other social services organizations, when appropriate.
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- Address: 1735 Telegraph Ave. Oakland, CA (510) 663-4744
- Legal Advice Line: (510) 250-5270 or 1 (800) 551-5544 Hours vary. See website for current Legal Advice Line hours.
- Website: Bay Area Legal Aid
Employment:
Legal Aid at Work
Legal Aid at Work’s Workers’ Rights Clinic provides low-income and unemployed people with free, confidential information about their legal rights related to work in California.
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- Email: info@legalaidatwork.org
- Phone: 415-404-9093 (Berkeley and Oakland office)
- Website: Legal Aid at Work
Hire an Attorney
Bay Area Legal Incubator
Affordable legal services. Some attorneys offer sliding scale fees. In-take form available on website, and you can also read the profiles and get contact information for the BALI attorneys.
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- Address: 125 12th St. Oakland, CA Mezzanine Level
- Phone: Visit the website to view BALI attorneys and get individual contact information.
- Bay Area Legal Incubator Website
ACBA Lawyer Referral Service
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- $40.00 administrative fee for an attorney referral and 30-minute consultation. Attorneys charge $200 – 400/hour for services.
- Phone: (510) 302-2222 x4
- Self-book consultations online
California State Bar Attorney Referrals
The California State Bar hosts a certified lawyer referral service search page. The organizations are certified by the State Bar and can be identified by their State Bar certification number or mark in all advertising. Certified Lawyer Referral Services in California are managed by a variety of associations, legal service programs, and other organizations. They operate independently from the State Bar. Use the link to find certified services in your county.
Employment Law
Guides
US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
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- How to File a Charge of Employment Discrimination.
- Federal employees – How to make a complaint
United States District Court Northern District of California (CAND)
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- How to File an Employment Discrimination Complaint: Instructions for Persons Without an Attorney (PDF, external)
Books
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- California Forms of Pleading and Practice – KFC1010.A65 C3, CA Collection 1st Floor, Volume 11 Chapter 115 Civil Rights: Employment Discrimination, also available online via Lexis and the LexisNexis Digital Library.
- The essential guide to federal employment laws – KF3455 .C54, Self Help, Stack 108B, also available online via Nolo EBSCO.
- California practice guide: employment litigation – KFC571 .E4, CA Collection 1st Floor, Chapters 7-10, also available online via Westlaw.
- Wrongful employment termination practice: discrimination, harassment and retaliation – KFC571 .W76, CA Collection 1st Floor, also available online via OnLAW.
Housing
Guides
State of California Civil Rights Department (CRD) – Housing Discrimination:
This page provides information on what housing discrimination looks like, available remedies, and the complaint process with CRD.
Books
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- The California fair housing encyclopedia: a guide to fair housing practices for owners and managers of residential rental properties in California – KFC145 .C35, CA Collection 1st Floor.
- California Forms of Pleading and Practice – KFC1010.A65 C3, CA Collection 1st Floor, Volume 11 Chapter 117 Civil Rights: Housing Discrimination, also available online via Lexis and the LexisNexis Digital Library.
- California Fair Housing & Public Accommodations (The Rutter Group, Civil Litigation Series) – available online via Westlaw.
Police Misconduct
Guides
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- California Department of Justice Attorney General Local Law Enforcement Agency Complaints
This guide provides information on how to submit a complaint to the local law enforcement agency, the county district attorney, and/or the Attorney General’s Office. - Alameda County Grand Jury
Civil grand jury complaint process to investigate misconduct by government officials. - United States District Court Northern District of California (CAND) (PDF, external)
Instruction packet for filing a Civil Rights Complaint by a Prisoner Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983
- California Department of Justice Attorney General Local Law Enforcement Agency Complaints
Books
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- Police Civil Liability, KF1307 .S55, Reference, also available online via the LexisNexis Digital Library.
- Police misconduct: law and litigation, KF1307 .A98, Federal Practice Active Titles, Stack 107, also available online via Westlaw.
- Police misconduct: a practitioner’s guide to Section 1983, KF1307 .B46, Federal Practice Active Titles, Stack 107
Updated 4.9.2026
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